History of Survivance: Upper Midwest 19th-Century Native American Narratives

Art for Sale

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The Frazier Augustus Boutelle papers contains approximately 800 letters from members of the Boutelle family, and also includes various maps, notebooks, military awards, account books, and school papers of F. A. Boutelle's son, Harry. Most of the collection consists of family letters. Contains miscellaneous items with no folders. Some of the items include an address book, Harry's newspaper clippings regarding "Sioux Campaign of 1890 and 1891" F. A. Along with maps pertaining to the Souix Indian Reservation, Western Washington, North Dakota, and Vancouver.

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The mission civilatrice embarked upon by the United States government and Christian churches produced major changes for Native cultures by the late 19th century. Reservations began to be established in Minnesota as early as 1851 – seven years before Minnesota’s statehood. Over the next fifty years, Indian lands would continue to shrink in the face of the burgeoning American population’s increasingly voracious appetite for land.
Land loss, in turn, led to the near collapse of Anishinaabe and Dakota society, which then buttressed the American sense that assimilation into American culture was the only way forward for Native peoples in the US.

Reservation Era

Ancient Legacies

Colonization

Colonial Narratives

Conflict

Survivance

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A group of Native Americans a attending a lecture giving by a Caucasian man wearing a suit

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University of Kentucky

Kentucky Digital Library

Native American adults were not safe from the “civilizing” efforts of American missionaries and government officials, either. This early 20th century Cora Wilson Stewart photograph shows a group of Plains Indian women attending a lecture given by a Euro-American man on housekeeping. Apparently an effort to turn Native women into Western housewives, the man appears to be demonstrating how to use different types of brooms.

History of Survivance: Upper Midwest 19th-Century Native American Narratives

Continuing Education

Continuing Education