Canal-Driven Innovations
This photograph shows the Whipple Truss Bridge, first designed by Squire Whipple to cross the Erie Canal. Whipple patented the design and details of the bridge and the State of New York adopted his Iron Arch Truss Bridge as the standard for its canals. He never received royalty payments, however, because the state claimed that the erection of the bridges was "for the public good." Courtesy of Carleton College via Minnesota Digital Library.
The Erie Canal significantly increased the amount of tonnage of virtually any and every commodity that could be shipped, giving rise to many innovations in productivity and efficiency. For example, as the demand for salt from the salt springs around Syracuse increased, the supply of wood to fuel the boiling of brine rapidly diminished. Fields of solar ovens were built to use the heat of the sun to evaporate the water from the brine. That nineteenth-century salt operation remains to this day one of the largest solar energy projects in the history of the world.
The iron truss bridge, first developed by Squire Whipple for crossing the Erie Canal was later adapted for the railroads. As Midwestern grain was offloaded at Buffalo, the need arose to store the vast quantities of grain to be shipped. The grain elevator, invented by Joseph Dart in Buffalo, resolved the need for large storage containers to hold the ever-growing shipments of raw materials (flour, coal, etc.) from the West, and its use persisted after the height of the Erie Canal’s popularity as a means of transporting goods. Other innovations such as the “Electric Mule” were not as successful.
